Page 28 (2.134-170) "Do you understand... palaces of both"

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Delaney: [65]

<
— Do you understand how to do them now? he asked.
— Numbers eleven to fifteen, Sargent answered. Mr Deasy said I was to copy them off the board, sir.

Sargent ignores SD's question, or mishears it

— Can you do them yourself? Stephen asked.
— No, sir.
Ugly and futile: lean neck and tangled hair and a stain of ink, a snail's bed. Yet someone had loved him, borne him in her arms and in her heart. But for her the race of the world would have trampled him underfoot, a squashed boneless snail. She had loved his weak watery blood drained from her own. Was that then real? The only true thing in life?

SD seems to be refining his mental descriptions again: cf "His tangled hair and scraggy neck gave witness of unreadiness and through his misty glasses weak eyes looked up pleading. On his cheek, dull and bloodless, a soft stain of ink lay, dateshaped, recent and damp as a snail's bed... Futility"

"Whatever else is unsure in this stinking dunghill of a world a mother's love is not." [PoA5, Cranly]

Delaney: [66]

His mother's prostrate body the fiery Columbanus in holy zeal bestrode. She was no more: the trembling skeleton of a twig burnt in the fire, an odour of rosewood and wetted ashes. She had saved him from being trampled underfoot and had gone, scarcely having been.

Columbanus "the mother... watched over him with so great care that she would scarcely entrust him even to his nearest relatives... [he] glowing with the fire of youth... leaping over both threshold and mother" [cite] c560AD

Delaney: [67]

A poor soul gone to heaven: and on a heath beneath winking stars a fox, red reek of rapine in his fur, with merciless bright eyes scraped in the earth, listened, scraped up the earth, listened, scraped and scraped.

'red reek' = color/smell synesthesia
'rapine' = plunder (not bloody)
'in his fur' (not 'on')

cf Swift's Polite Conversation: "her Nails... were long enough to scratch her Granum out of her Grave" [cite]

why "in... up"? (according to the riddle he's burying not plundering, but maybe he's killed his grandmother by plundering?)

Sitting at his side Stephen solved out the problem. He proves by algebra that Shakespeare's ghost is Hamlet's grandfather. Sargent peered askance through his slanted glasses. Hockeysticks rattled in the lumberroom: the hollow knock of a ball and calls from the field.
Across the page the symbols moved in grave morrice, in the mummery of their letters, wearing quaint caps of squares and cubes. Give hands, traverse, bow to partner: so: imps of fancy of the Moors.

why "slanted"? just fear of direct gaze?

fieldhockey originally used cricket balls

morrice/morris dancing [youtube]
"squares and cubes" hints that these boys are older than they sound

Delaney: [68]

Gone too from the world, Averroes and Moses Maimonides, dark men in mien and movement, flashing in their mocking mirrors the obscure soul of the world, a darkness shining in brightness which brightness could not comprehend.
— Do you understand now? Can you work the second for yourself?
— Yes, sir.
In long shady strokes Sargent copied the data.

why 'shady'?
"the data" = the given (Euclid's "Data" supplemented his "Elements")

Delaney: [69]

Waiting always for a word of help his hand moved faithfully the unsteady symbols, a faint hue of shame flickering behind his dull skin. Amor matris: subjective and objective genitive. With her weak blood and wheysour milk she had fed him and hid from sight of others his swaddling bands.
Like him was I, these sloping shoulders, this gracelessness. My childhood bends beside me. Too far for me to lay a hand there once or lightly. Mine is far and his secret as our eyes. Secrets, silent, stony, sit in the dark palaces of both

"subjective and objective" = the mother loves/ the mother is loved

swaddling bands

"once or lightly" is SD imagining touching his own memories, or touching Sargent kindly, sympathetically? i think at that time it would have been uncontroversial for a teacher to lay a warm hand on a student, even alone, but we've already seen SD using a book to avoid direct contact

is Sargent in this chapter a premonition of Bloom, as the milkwoman (maybe) was in ch1?

Delaney cites Alice Milligan's poem, The Dark Palace

>

mysteries:

[DD 02:57-04:51]
[DD 00:00-02:21]


[IM 10:24-14:01]

[LV1 09:53-13:02]

[LV2 07:45-10:24]


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Page 27 (2.98-133) "A riddle... Futility."

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Delaney: [63]

<
— A riddle, sir? Ask me, sir.
— O, ask me, sir.
— A hard one, sir.
— This is the riddle, Stephen said.

The cock crew,
The sky was blue:
The bells in heaven
Were striking eleven.
'Tis time for this poor soul
To go to heaven.

What is that?

(the punctuation is tricky because one speaker supplies three consecutive paragraphs)

the riddle is almost word for word from PW Joyce: [etext]
"Riddle me, riddle me right: What did I see last night? The wind blew, The cock crew, The bells of heaven Struck eleven 'Tis time for my poor sowl to go to heaven. Answer: the fox burying his mother under a holly tree."

'my poor sowl' hints it's the mother speaking

SD's substitution of blue sky for blowing wind, and omission of 'last night', makes it less spooky-- 11am not pm.

— What, sir?
— Again, sir. We didn't hear.

they're not sure they heard correctly

Their eyes grew bigger as the lines were repeated. After a silence Cochrane said:
— What is it, sir? We give it up.
Stephen, his throat itching, answered:
— The fox burying his grandmother under a hollybush.
He stood up and gave a shout of nervous laughter to which their cries echoed dismay.

'itching throat' normally implies thirsty, but here it could mean eager to speak, or nervous about speaking. he exorcises it by laughing. (cf? "A flush which made him seem younger and more engaging rose to Buck Mulligan's cheek". SD is almost as young as the boys)

cf "the fox burying his mother under a holly tree" [etext]
(hollybush and hollytree are equally common)

a sort of ghoststory, it shows SD to be still an awkward boy himself, quoting folk nonsense.
the fox-image (SD's self-image?) will be expanded to "A poor soul gone to heaven: and on a heath beneath winking stars a fox, red reek of rapine in his fur, with merciless bright eyes scraped in the earth, listened, scraped up the earth, listened, scraped and scraped."

A stick struck the door and a voice in the corridor called:
— Hockey!
They broke asunder, sidling out of their benches, leaping them. Quickly they were gone and from the lumberroom came the rattle of sticks and clamour of their boots and tongues. 
 
"lumberroom" = for storage of furniture, etc [cite]

Delaney: [64]

Sargent who alone had lingered came forward slowly, showing an open copybook. His tangled hair and scraggy neck gave witness of unreadiness and through his misty glasses weak eyes looked up pleading. On his cheek, dull and bloodless, a soft stain of ink lay, dateshaped, recent and damp as a snail's bed.
He held out his copybook. The word Sums was written on the headline. Beneath were sloping figures and at the foot a crooked signature with blind loops and a blot. Cyril Sargent: his name and seal.

reminiscent of little SD in PoA1
schemata say Sargent = Pisistratus, Nestor's son, Telemachus's friend
'dateshaped' is a real descriptor, but sometimes used for turds
"snail's bed" is unique and literally meaningless
'sums' indicates SD teaches some math as well as history and literature
'blind loop' is a technical term for describing bad handwriting, where a loop that's supposed to be open is accidentally closed [cite] (but also an intestinal obstruction)

Delaney: [65]

— Mr Deasy told me to write them out all again, he said, and show them to you, sir.
Stephen touched the edges of the book. Futility.

'edges' to avoid ink smears? 'futility' because no matter how hard Sargent tries, he'll never be able to compete???

why did Deasy divide their labor this way? was he rechecking a copybook that SD had accepted? or was it just a question of timing, that Deasy had set the original lesson and would have checked the repeat assignment except that the timing meant SD would be available first?

>

mysteries:

[DD 00:25-02:58]


[IM 08:14-10:24]

[LV1 07:55-09:53]

[LV2 06:09-07:45]


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Page 26 (2.64-97) "Weep... gaily:"

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Delaney: [60]

<
— Weep no more, woful shepherds, weep no more
    For Lycidas, your sorrow, is not dead,
    Sunk though he be beneath the watery floor...

LIHsihdus [etext]

the drowned-man motif has progressed from Mulligan's heroism (preventing) to the corpse in the bay (anticipated) to the lost friend (unrecovered). cf Schroedinger's cat?

Delaney: [61]

It must be a movement then, an actuality of the possible as possible. Aristotle's phrase formed itself within the gabbled verses and floated out into the studious silence of the library of Saint Genevieve where he had read, sheltered from the sin of Paris, night by night. By his elbow a delicate Siamese conned a handbook of strategy. Fed and feeding brains about me: under glowlamps, impaled, with faintly beating feelers: and in my mind's darkness a sloth of the underworld, reluctant, shy of brightness, shifting her dragon scaly folds.

"movement" (the change from possible to actual)

the Siamese man's name was Chown, and he accompanied JAJ on an outing to Tours [Costello]. a potential future Ho Chi Minh?

FW 8.31-33 "This is the jinnies with their legahorns feinting to read in their handmade's book of stralegy while making their war undisides the Willingdone."

"he... my"

"sheltered from the sin of Paris... in my mind's darkness a sloth of the underworld" ie, lust? cf boys' snickering

"A dragon's scaly folds" (Wm Morris)
dragonscaly

Thought is the thought of thought. Tranquil brightness. The soul is in a manner all that is: the soul is the form of forms. Tranquillity sudden, vast, candescent: form of forms.

"It follows that the soul is analogous to the hand; for as the hand is a tool of tools, so the mind is the form of forms and sense the form of sensible things." [Aristotle]

SD is remembering his own epiphany, reading Aristotle?

Delaney: [62]

Talbot repeated:
— Through the dear might of Him that walked the waves,
    Through the dear might...
— Turn over, Stephen said quietly. I don't see anything.
— What, sir? Talbot asked simply, bending forward.
His hand turned the page over. He leaned back and went on again, having just remembered.

SD perpetrates a sympathetic fraud?

Of him that walked the waves. Here also over these craven hearts his shadow lies and on the scoffer's heart and lips and on mine. It lies upon their eager faces who offered him a coin of the tribute. To Caesar what is Caesar's, to God what is God's. A long look from dark eyes, a riddling sentence to be woven on the church's looms. Ay.

cf milkmaid's uneager hand?

Riddle me, riddle me, randy ro.
My father gave me seeds to sow.

(unspoken)
this riddle may go back to c1000AD
    Riddle me, riddle me, Randy Row,
    My father gave me some seed to sow;
    The seeds were black, the ground was white,
    Riddle me that against Saturday night.

Talbot slid his closed book into his satchel.
— Have I heard all? Stephen asked.
— Yes, sir. Hockey at ten, sir.
— Half day, sir. Thursday.

SD left the Tower between 8:30 and 9, and probably took a halfhour to walk to the school, so these lessons started no earlier than 9am. So does one hour = a half day???

Delaney: [63]

— Who can answer a riddle? Stephen asked.
They bundled their books away, pencils clacking, pages rustling. Crowding together they strapped and buckled their satchels, all gabbling gaily:

>

mysteries:

[DD 02:11-05:07]
[DD 00:00-00:26]


[IM 05:14-08:14]

[LV1 05:14-07:55]

[LV2 04:04-06:09]


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Page 25 (2.28-63) "at his classmates... text:"

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Delaney: [57]

<
at his classmates, silly glee in profile. In a moment they will laugh more loudly, aware of my lack of rule and of the fees their papas pay.

"silly glee in profile" recalls Mulligan
the 'rule' SD lacks must include all enforcing of conventions?
if the boys are really 14yo, cowardly SD may be terrified of them

— Tell me now, Stephen said, poking the boy's shoulder with the book, what is a pier.

surprising, that he's standing that close, and that he makes physical contact (the Linati schema warns "Telemachus doesn't yet bear a body"). he seems afraid to touch directly.

— A pier, sir, Armstrong said. A thing out in the water. A kind of bridge. Kingstown pier, sir.

Kingstown pier is highly atypical, not a platform on supporting pillars but a pair of half-mile granite walls almost-enclosing an artificial harbor.

Some laughed again: mirthless but with meaning. Two in the back bench whispered. Yes. They knew: had never learned nor ever been innocent. All. With envy he watched their faces. Edith, Ethel, Gerty, Lily. Their likes: their breaths, too, sweetened with tea and jam, their bracelets tittering in the struggle.

"back bench" we're never told how many boys, how old, how seated. if they're 14 their voices have already mostly changed,

(Somehow, for these Protestant boys, any mention of this pier brings along primarily associations of sex. During the day it was enjoyed by families, but at night, mosly unlit, it became a place for secret rendezvous...?)

SD envies their freedom from Catholic repression?

Delaney: [58]

— Kingstown pier, Stephen said. Yes, a disappointed bridge. The words troubled their gaze.
— How, sir? Comyn asked. A bridge is across a river.
For Haines's chapbook. No-one here to hear.

(This is so banal I can't believe the boys would be confused, nor would SD bother to repeat it later. Armstrong has already compared piers with bridges, a much less obvious insight. Is the point that SD is not at his best here, and can't distinguish inspiration from cliche?)
maybe JAJ intends to contrast BM's Celtic animism with British literalism?


Tonight deftly amid wild drink and talk, to pierce the polished mail of his mind. What then? A jester at the court of his master, indulged and disesteemed, winning a clement master's praise. Why had they chosen all that part? Not wholly for the smooth caress. For them too history was a tale like any other too often heard, their land a pawnshop.

"wild drink" (cf "wild Irish" above)
"his mind" = Haines (or BM?)
"they" all the Irish? or the boys here? (making SD another clement master)
England's pawnshop, because ownership is a legal fiction?

Delaney: [59]

Had Pyrrhus not fallen by a beldam's hand in Argos or Julius Caesar not been knifed to death. They are not to be thought away. Time has branded them and fettered they are lodged in the room of the infinite possibilities they have ousted. But can those have been possible seeing that they never were? Or was that only possible which came to pass? Weave, weaver of the wind.

Schrödinger's cat didn't get named until 1935. SD seems to realise it's empty philosophising

Delaney: [60]

— Tell us a story, sir.
— Oh, do, sir. A ghoststory.

They know there's only a few minutes to go before hockey.

has he told them stories before? if he's haunted by his mother and the Church, what sort of ghoststory might he improvise? wouldn't Deasy find it inappropriate? (he learned one at Clongowes: PoA1)

— Where do you begin in this? Stephen asked, opening another book.
— Weep no more, Comyn said.

a weird way to ask where they stopped last time with their (regular?) teacher, presumably Deasy. SD trusts the boys to tell him, and Deasy trusts them to work it out without any tracking system...?

the gorescarred book was history, but maybe just a minimal timeline. this is some literary anthology, implausibly difficult for these young-sounding boys. they're jumping back in at the 165th line of Milton's poem.

— Go on then, Talbot.
— And the story, sir?
— After, Stephen said. Go on, Talbot.
A swarthy boy opened a book and propped it nimbly under the breastwork of his satchel. He recited jerks of verse with odd glances at the text:

why "swarthy"? (middle eastern ancestry? unclean? eg) he's got nimble fingers but is awkward reciting

'breastwork' suggests the students are at war with SD

(this can't be a feeble attempt at cheating, because SD watches him do it)
were they expected to memorise the whole poem?? (these boys, so literalminded they couldn't make the 'disappointed' leap???)

>

mysteries:

[DD 03:00-04:40]
[DD 00:00-02:11]


[IM 02:23-05:14]

[LV1 02:34-05:14]

[LV2 01:57-04:04]


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Page 24 (2.1-27) "You, Cochrane... looked round"

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<

Delaney: [54]

— You, Cochrane, what city sent for him?
— Tarentum, sir.
— Very good. Well?
— There was a battle, sir.
— Very good. Where?

SD knows at least some of the boys' names (after at least 3 weeks)
he's drilling them in the barest facts of Roman history, names and dates and places that will never mean anything to them (except maybe the few who continue to university).
they consistently call him 'sir'
Ellmann seems to have thought they were c14yo, but they're so timid (unphysical, bodyless?) they sound much younger
at Clongowes the Jesuit teachers used team-competition to motivate the boys [PoA1]

The boy's blank face asked the blank window.

(this strikes me a bit as JAJ showing off, shaping the text to fit a nice phrase he had saved up)

Fabled by the daughters of memory. And yet it was in some way if not as memory fabled it. A phrase, then, of impatience, thud of Blake's wings of excess. I hear the ruin of all space, shattered glass and toppling masonry, and time one livid final flame. What's left us then?

SD is improvising phrases to himself, offering next to nothing to his students, even insensitive to their needs. it's just an hour since we saw him with Haines and BM, so the issues they raised are likely still occupying his attention (history is to blame?).

the battle was (in some way)
humanity's impatient excessive soaring 'memory' falsified it
as it falsifies everything (all space and time?)

(why "hear"?)

Delaney: [55]

— I forget the place, sir. 279 B.C.
— Asculum, Stephen said, glancing at the name and date in the gorescarred book.
— Yes, sir. And he said: Another victory like that and we are done for.

children's textbooks probably would have said 'lost' not the less formal "done for"

That phrase the world had remembered. A dull ease of the mind. From a hill above a corpsestrewn plain a general speaking to his officers, leaned upon his spear. Any general to any officers. They lend ear.

SD sneers at phrases that are memorable because they're dull and easy-- he's pursuing an arduous enigmatic manner

(composition of place, first, then universalisation)

"spear... ear"?

SD is no one's general, yet? or just these boys, barely?

Delaney: [56]

— You, Armstrong, Stephen said. What was the end of Pyrrhus?

beheaded in battle in Argos after being ignominiously stunned by a tile thrown by an old woman

SD's method of teaching is to pick a boy and ask a simple question or three

— End of Pyrrhus, sir?
— I know, sir. Ask me, sir, Comyn said.
— Wait. You, Armstrong. Do you know anything about Pyrrhus?

this phrasing sounds intentionally humiliating

A bag of figrolls lay snugly in Armstrong's satchel. He curled them between his palms at whiles and swallowed them softly. Crumbs adhered to the tissues of his lips. A sweetened boy's breath. Welloff people, proud that their eldest son was in the navy. Vico Road, Dalkey.

why does he curl them? so they're easier to sneak?

use of "at whiles" peaked during J's youth

"lips... breath" (is SD standing this close, or just imagining standing this close?)

Vico Road in 1901 census
Ellmann claims Armstrong is based on Cecil Wright (12yo in 1901, 22 in 1911) and Clifford Ferguson (ditto 1901), ie 14 or 15 in 1904!

SD himself is an oldest son, but has thrown off all the roles that would have made his parents proud

the British navy, cf Haines

both Delaney and Donnelly say VIGHco

since he's IN Dalkey, the phrase "Vico Road, Dalkey" is probably SD's impersonation of the parents' proud boasting

Delaney: [57]

— Pyrrhus, sir? Pyrrhus, a pier.
All laughed. Mirthless high malicious laughter. Armstrong looked round

>

mysteries: how old/how many


[DD 00:00-03:01]


[IM 00:04-02:23]

[LV1 00:27-02:34]


[LV2 00:15-01:57]



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Episode 2, Nestor

nestor: 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

[1922 edition] [1922] [1922] [html] [vid] [vid?]

searchable? [placards] [LR] [2wrlds]

linkable? [$0.49] [$1.99-italics] [$2.24] [$2.24] [$2.51-caps] [free-caps] [$1.99-no-ital] [$2.51-no-ital] [$1.32-caps-for-ital] [$3.41-ital]

notes: [Th] [G&S] [wbks] [rw] [images] [hyper]

wr: [1] [2]
Useen: [1]

ch2 notes: [G?] [UMT] [rap] [uu] [ooold]

maps: 1909

essays: [Epstein] [Blamires] [Cliffs] [Greene] [Lantgen] [Kinsella] [O'Malley] [Glosup] [Cole] [Henke-pdf]

summaries: C&E, Shmoop, Yale


Ellmann [Apr 1904]: "His next venture was as a schoolteacher. There was a temporary vacancy for a gentleman usher at the Clifton School, Dalkey, a private school founded a few years before at Summerfield Lodge, once the residence of the minor poet Denis Florence McCarthy whose name keeps coming up in Finnegans Wake. The founder and headmaster was an Ulster Scot, very pro-British, named Francis Irwin, a Trinity College graduate. Joyce devotes the second chapter of Ulysses to describing Stephen's activities at a school clearly modeled on Irwin's. As usual, his account is tenacious of remembered facts. The students whom Stephen teaches are based in part at least on actual ones: Armstrong, for example, is described as living on Vico Road, with a brother in the Navy, and eating figrolls; and Joyce appears to be blending Cecil Wright, the figroll-eater, with Clifford Ferguson, who suits the rest of the description. Irwin is presented under the name of Deasy, oddly inappropriate for an Ulster Scot, and his personality is merged with that of an Ulsterman Joyce knew in Trieste, Henry Blackwood Price, who had Deasy's preoccupation with a distinguished Ulster ancestry and shared his interest in the hoof-and-mouth disease. Joyce represents Deasy as a grass widower, although Price was happily married and Irwin was a bachelor who lived with a sister, but in other respects treats him indulgently, sparing, for example, any mention of his red nose, or of the shutting-down of the school soon after because of Irwin's alcoholism. Joyce can have taught there only a few weeks." [if at all]

distance from Tower, 23min walk
(could he have hopped a tram?)

distance from McKernans (JAJ that spring), 8 miles, 2.5hr walk (½ hr via tram?)

Francis Irwin [1901 census]
Clifford Ferguson and Cecil Wright (above) turned 15 in 1904 (so Deasy's boys might also be as old as 14, which fits much better with lessons like memorising Milton! SD may have only a few inches and a couple of stone on them. their voices will have changed.)

they sit on backless benches
there's no sign of any other classes
Dalkey had about 19 boys total, aged 14, but ¾ of these were Catholic

chapter readings: youtube, ditto,

movie

How old are the boys? What classes did SD handle, when? Is Deasy the only other teacher? Are the boys all the same age? Do they all walk to school? Why is his lesson so short and unfocused?

Compare Clongowes in PoA

Page 23 (1.729-744) "His plump... Usurper."

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<
His plump body plunged.
— We'll see you again, Haines said, turning as Stephen walked up the path, and smiling at wild Irish.
Horn of a bull, hoof of a horse, smile of a Saxon.
— The Ship, Buck Mulligan cried. Half twelve.
— Good, Stephen said.

'wild Irish' is the Saxon's way of repackaging bad behavior into a cliche

Gaelic saying: 'An trí rud is dainséaraí amuigh: éadan tairbh, deireadh staile, gáire an tSasanaigh' = The three [four] most dangerous things there are: the front of a bull, the back of a stallion, [the growl of a dog,] the laugh of an Englishman.

"Irish men would all beware / the dog's loud bark and then take care, / the bull's white horn, the horse's hoof / and the smile of an Englishman under your roof" [Delaney]

Telemachus to Athena: "after thou hast bathed... wend to the ship"
BM is anticipating drinking SD's pay at the pub mentioned on page 6 above
SD's "Good" is unexpected-- doesn't he mean the opposite?

He walked along the upwardcurving path.

Liliata rutilantium.
Turma circumdet.
Iubilantium te virginum.

cf p10 above:
Liliata rutilantium = bright as lilies
turma  = company (of confessors)
circumdet: = may they encompass (you)
iubilantium = jubilant
te = (accept) you
virginum  = virgins
(is he paring away excess words again? wishing his mother well? wishing BM ill? calming himself?)
"upwardcurving" sounds hopeful, too

The priest's grey nimbus in a niche where he dressed discreetly. I will not sleep here tonight. Home also I cannot go.
A voice, sweettoned and sustained, called to him from the sea. Turning the curve he waved his hand. It called again. A sleek brown head, a seal's, far out on the water, round.
Usurper.

'nimbus' = cloud (so, grey more threatening than white? two pages ago it was a 'garland')
niche in rocky shore (cf niches for statues of saints?)

what has changed that he can't return? is it significant that there's no paragraph break-- was it BM's hypocritical crossing-self that cemented it?

"sweettoned" makes BM sound sympathetic (or seductive?)

the curve: Delaney suggests SD thinks he's moving out of the bathers' sight here, but BM has swum out so far he's still barely visible?

but is this a real seal, or Mulligan?
seal = maybe folklore fallen angel (selkie)
'Roundheads' = British who favored Parliament over king
usurpers: suitors in Homer, Claudius in Hamlet, British in Ireland

Hamlet V.ii "Popp'd in between the election and my hopes"

>

mysteries: why 'Good'? why the Latin? why the decision? real seal or BM?

[DD 02:32-04:02]


[IM 56:28-57:42]

[LV1 58:14-59:33]

[LV2 19:42-20:33]


telemachus: 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23